4-Picolinic acid CAS No. 55-22-1

Product Description

Isonicotinic acid, also known as 4-picolinic acid or pyridine-4-carboxylic acid, is a carboxylated derivative of pyridine with its carboxyl group at the 4-position. This organic compound plays a vital role in the pharmaceutical and chemical industries, primarily as a metabolite of isoniazid, a drug widely used against tuberculosis. It is recognized for its utility as a ligand in coordination chemistry, a precursor in synthesis, and for forming Schiff bases with notable biological activities. Recent studies highlight its applications in complexation with transition metals, catalysis, and as a pharmaceutical intermediate, particularly under conditions relevant to industrial yield optimization.

Product Use & Characteristics

• Chemical Identity:

  • Synonyms: 4-picolinic acid, pyridine-4-carboxylic acid.

  • Structure: Pyridine ring with a carboxyl group at the 4-position.

• Chemical Properties:

  • Molecular formula: C6H5NO2

  • Molecular weight: 123.11 g/mol

  • Physical form: Crystalline solid.

  • Basicity: Moderately basic compound.

• Pharmaceutical Relevance:

  • Metabolite of isoniazid, an anti-tuberculosis drug.

  • Precursor for derivatives like hydrazides, amides, and esters.

• Applications:

  • Ligand in coordination and supramolecular chemistry.

  • Starting material for Schiff base synthesis.

  • Utilized in biological and pharmacological studies (antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-Alzheimer’s).

• Biological and Chemical Studies:

  • Schiff base complexes with Ni(II), Cu(II), and Cd(II) exhibit antibacterial and antioxidant activity.

  • Acylhydrazones derived from it show potential in inhibiting Alzheimer’s disease biomarkers.

  • Used in electrocatalysis and oxidative desulfurization with molybdenum cluster compounds.

• Industrial Relevance:

  • Production involves complex processes sensitive to parameters like temperature and pressure.

  • A spiking neural network model (DAEMLP-SNN) has been developed to predict isonicotinic acid yield from industrial data.

• Research Insights:

  • Shows temperature-dependent hydrogen bonding behavior in solid form.

  • Studied via solid-state NMR and DFT simulations for understanding hydrogen bond dynamics.